The Committee for Astronomy of the Polish Academy of Sciences was established in 1952, and in its present form, it functions on the basis of Resolution No. 2/2011 of the General Assembly of the Polish Academy of Sciences dated 26 May 2011 and operates at Division III of the Comprehensive Sciences and Earth Sciences of the Polish Academy of Sciences. The Committee for Astronomy of the Polish Academy of Sciences covers astronomy with its scope of activity, and the Committee's tasks include undertaking all activities aimed at the development of astronomy and the use of its achievements. The Committee for Astronomy of PAS also serves as the National Committee for Cooperation with the International Astronomical Union.
The Committee for Astronomy of the Polish Academy of Sciences elects a representative of Poland in the international consortium publishing the journal Astronomy & Astrophysics and annually applies for funds for the publication of the journal.